The European Union is one of the largest and most profitable markets in the world, offering massive opportunities for startups. However, if you plan to sell products or digital services in Europe, one of the most important legal steps you must take is to register for VAT (Value Added Tax).
Whether you are selling physical goods through Amazon or offering digital subscriptions from a SaaS platform, understanding and registering for VAT is essential for legal compliance and professional business operations.
In this guide, we’ll explain what VAT is, when you must register, and how startups can complete the process efficiently.
What Is VAT?
VAT (Value Added Tax) is a consumption tax applied to goods and services sold within Europe. It is collected at each stage of the supply chain and is ultimately paid by the end consumer.
If you're a startup selling to customers in the EU, you may be legally required to register for VAT, charge VAT on your invoices, and file tax reports to the relevant European tax authorities.
Why Should Startups Register for VAT in Europe?
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Legal compliance: Exceeding specific thresholds in sales requires VAT registration in certain EU countries.
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Customer trust: A VAT number is a sign of legitimacy, especially for B2B transactions.
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Marketplace requirements: Platforms like Amazon, eBay, or Etsy may require VAT registration.
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Avoid penalties: Selling without registering for VAT can lead to significant fines and legal consequences.
When Is VAT Registration Mandatory?
1. Storing Goods in the EU
If you use a fulfillment center in Europe (e.g., Amazon FBA in Germany), you must register for VAT in the country where your inventory is stored.
2. Cross-border Sales Above €10,000
If your annual total sales to multiple EU countries exceed €10,000, you are required to register and collect VAT based on the buyer’s country.
3. Selling Digital Services to EU Consumers (B2C)
If you offer digital products or services such as software, apps, e-books, or online courses to individuals in the EU, you must collect and report VAT based on the customer’s location, even if your company is based outside the EU.
How to Register for VAT in Europe
1. Determine Where You Need to Register
Ask yourself:
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Where is your inventory stored (if applicable)?
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Which countries are your customers from?
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Where are your biggest sales volumes?
The answers will help identify the countries where VAT registration is required.
2. Work with a VAT Service Provider
Each EU country has different tax rules, forms, and reporting procedures. Startups often partner with specialized VAT service providers to streamline the process.
Recommended platforms:
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SimplyVAT
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hellotax
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Avalara
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Taxually
These services offer:
3. Prepare Required Documents
Although requirements vary by country, most tax authorities will ask for:
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Business registration documents
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Proof of company address
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Director’s ID and contact details
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Estimated sales and business activity description
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Fulfillment or warehouse address (if applicable)
4. Receive Your VAT Number
Once your registration is complete, you’ll be issued a VAT ID number. You must:
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Include it on your invoices
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Report VAT collected in tax returns
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Submit periodic filings (monthly or quarterly) depending on the country
What Is the OSS (One-Stop Shop) Scheme?
If you sell to multiple EU countries, you can simplify VAT compliance using the OSS (One-Stop Shop) system.
Benefits of OSS:
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Register for VAT in just one EU country
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File a single tax return for all cross-border B2C sales within the EU
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Avoid multiple VAT registrations in every destination country
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Submit quarterly filings instead of multiple local reports
Example: If you register in Estonia through OSS, you can report all sales to Germany, France, Italy, etc., in one quarterly VAT return.
Example Scenario for Startups: Amazon FBA and VAT
Let’s say:
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You have a startup based in Turkey
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You sell physical products on Amazon
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Your inventory is stored in Germany (FBA warehouse)
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You sell to customers across the EU
Here’s what you must do:
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Register for VAT in Germany (where inventory is stored)
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Use OSS to report sales to other EU countries
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Submit VAT returns quarterly or monthly
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Add your VAT number to your Amazon Seller Central account
Key Considerations for Startups
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Each country has different VAT thresholds and processing times
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Filing deadlines must not be missed
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VAT registration should be completed before making EU sales
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Some countries offer VAT refunds under certain conditions
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VAT service providers charge a fee, but simplify the process significantly